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Toil
and Trouble - Spring Garden Clean-up Time
by Carol Wallace
It's that time again - the time when
confusion reigns and it doesn't look as if everything will possibly get sorted
out in time for the real garden season. You know that season. It lasts a day or
two and is the time when you sit back and admire things and can't find a single
weed or encroaching branch to cause you to leap out of your chair to tend to
them. And it comes every five years or so.
Meanwhile, there is work to be done. So much work that it doesn't seem possible
to even contemplate it all. If I did I'd call in a backhoe and have them fill in
all those spots I call gardens.
Instead, I try
to break things down into manageable tasks. Instead of saying that I need to
clean out all of the beds and trim back all of the shrubs and do a massive
spring tidying, I only allow myself to contemplate one garden at a time - and
one goal at a time.
Lopping
My first task is to get out my loppers and attack the roses in the poppy field.
They have grown so monstrously large that it will require not just arm gauntlets
but a shield of some kind - but it has to be done. If it isn't, I won't be able
to do much else in that garden, simply because I can't get to it without being
punctured in a zillion different places.
Weeding
After that I will do an inspection of the ground, looking for signs of the
monstrous and un-pullable weed that tried to take over in that area last year. I
am hoping that if I spot those types of weeds that grow like bamboo or those
that have taproots that go to Australia when they are still young I can get rid
of them with relative ease. I'm not much on using chemicals in the garden, but
there are one or two weeds that are otherwise indestructible. This year I hope
to get to them when they are still young and tender and drown them in Round-Up.
Other weeds
will be disposed of relatively easily. Some pull up quite nicely, and most will
depart this earth with a few passes of the hoe. Get the weeds now before they
have a chance to take hold, then go to seed. At this time of year they don't
fight too hard.
Of course weeding time presents
me with a bit of a dilemma. I don't know about you, but last year I planted
several new types of plants that I had never grown before. I have no idea what
they look like in their infant stages - in fact in a few cases I don't have a
really clear picture of what the mature foliage looked like. I live in fear that
I will hoe up something I paid good money for last year - but even more afraid
that if I leave that strange plant in the ground it will turn out to be the weed
from Hell. (Those are MUCH harder to pull up than those whose roots
considerately stop in Tasmania.)
Normally,
unless a plant is quite large, I tend to plant in groups of three or 5 or more,
so one good clue as to whether a particular spot of green is friend or foe is
the number of them I see making an appearance. A single plant is probably a
weed. Multiples may or may not be. I am wracking my brain now trying to remember
if I was experimenting with a new kind of groundcover last year because in one
area that is what I seem to have - so much of this stuff that it's either a
dastardly foe or a real winner.
My usual
solution is to wait a bit. There is plenty else to occupy my time, so I hate to
waste it dithering.
Cutting
and Cleaning Out
For instance, it makes great good sense to clear out the remains of last year's
garden before I start worrying about those things just now appearing. The
evergreen daylily foliage is now a pile of straw colored mush that will come off
fairly easily with a sturdy rake. Stems and twiggy growth from last year's
annuals and perennials can be cut down. I always enjoy doing this because almost
invariably I am greeted with fresh, vibrant new growth pushing up through the
ruins of last year.
The absolute
best is cutting back the hellebore foliage, which gets quite tatty looking by
spring. Because when you get rid of the leaves you see tons of buds,
just waiting to burst into bloom.
And then the
ornamental grasses must be attacked. They did a great job this winter of
creating some interest and texture in the winter garden, but by now they are
starting to shatter - so there are broken shards of grass all over. Warning -
wear gloves if you try to pick these up or to wade in to cut them down. Those
blades can be very sharp!
If your grasses
are isolated enough that they won't pose a hazard to the surrounding structures
and vegetation you can burn the old foliage. If not, the best way to tackle this
job is to tie a rope or string around the middle of the old foliage and then use
a chain saw or whatever cutting implement you have handy to make your cut below
that. Then you have

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fairly neat
bundles to haul to the compost heap. And if you have only one or two specimens
that aren't too huge, you may be able to deal with them using ordinary scissors
- although to me that seems like you're just asking for a case of carpal tunnel
syndrome.
Raking
Another springtime task for me is to rake out the lambs' ears (Stachys byzantina).
Much of last year's growth is now brown and shriveled and ugly. But it comes
away pretty easily if you go at them with a sturdy rake. This lets you see how
much it has grown - and you will probably want to remove half or more of it -
unless you don't care to have anything else in that garden.
That done, you
can look at the bed you have been working in and see that it has turned into
something more closely resembling a junk heap than a garden.
If you are
smart you will have brought something like a tarp or old sheet with you. You can
rake all the debris in the beds onto that sheet - it's a lot easier than trying
to pick it up by the arm full. But don't drag it to the compost heap just yet,
because you're not done.
Salvaging
Make sure you inspect the debris just in
case you have inadvertently raked up a plant that was uprooted by frost heave.
Tuck these tenderly back into the bed - they may just surprise you. I found a
few bulbs today that had been heaved from the earth - and they had as much new
leafy growth as those still securely tucked in. And last year I was devastated
to find my prize hosta, Aphrodite, lying face down in the dirt, roots waving
frantically in the air. I righted her and tucked her back where she belonged -
and she grew and flowered. Plants are often much tougher than one might expect.
Once you've
raked away the debris you can see what's left in the beds. The skeletons of last
year's perennials and annuals may be sticking up from the ground. Cut the
perennials back and pull the annuals out. Put them on the sheet with the rest of
the debris.
Pruning
Check any woody plants. Some like hibiscus and buddleia may need to be cut down
to the ground. If you simply let them grow they will become leggy - like a group
of very awkward adolescents who have no clue what to do with their gangly limbs.
Many of your vines need the same treatment. Others, such as the climbing roses
shrubby dogwoods with brilliantly colored stems need cutting back - but not
wholly. With the colored twig dogwoods I usually cut out about a third to one
half of the limbs on mine. It's easy to see which ones to cut - they are no
longer as brilliantly colored as the younger ones. That happens. And those dull
twigs have got to go, healthy or not.
Of course you
are also removing any dead twigs and branches you may find. While you're at it,
why not get rid of limbs that head toward the center of the shrub, or that cross
each other. Open up the entire shrub for better light and air circulation and
you'll have a healthier and happier shrub.
And now you
pick up that rake one more time and rake the beds again. But don't leave yet.
There is more to come.
More Weeding
Now you can see the soil. (At least I hope so!). Now you can see some plants
that have spread beyond their boundaries. You can also make a pretty good stab
at differentiating weeds from treasured plants. (I know, I know - I told you to
weed paragraphs ago! But now that you have cleared out so much you will
undoubtedly see more. Remove them.)
Divide and
Conquer
As for those greedy plants,
if you plan to dig up the excess and get rid of it, toss the extras onto that
tarp. Otherwise pot them up temporarily until you see whether you might not have
a use for them elsewhere in the gardens. Or save them as little gifts you can
give to garden visitors.
NOTE: Do not
give garden visitors things like kudzu, gooseneck loosestrife (Lysimachia
clethroides) and Silver Queen artemisia unless you don't want them to come back.
They may thank you now - but not for long. In fact, don't even compost those
types of plants. Put them in garbage bad and tie it tightly. Paint skulls and
crossbones on it and hide it from curious eyes. Under pain of eternal toil, do
not let these plants escape. Burn them if you must but I would be nervous about
even the smoke carrying some part of these insidious plants allowing them to
reproduce once more.
Please notice -
I have been going on at great length here about things to do in the garden - and
I haven't even gotten to the good part - those boxes of plants that will start
appearing on doorsteps all over any day now. My first box arrived today, as a
matter of fact.
Recovery
But here is the good news about all of this backbreaking work that you have just
performed. Look back at the beds. What do you see? Space! Lots of space.
All right - don't get too excited.
It looks like more space than you really have. There are still plants lying
completely below the earth, dormant. Last year I underestimated the growth of my
hostas and planted dahlias somewhere in their vicinity. They bloomed - but you
had to lie on your belly and peer under a gigantic hosta leaf to see it for
yourself.
But you do have
a nice clean bed, weed-free and ready for your latest seedlings and shopping
spree spoils. You probably also have calluses, an aching back and a deep feeling
of satisfaction. And as soon as you drag that debris-laden tarp over to the
compost heap and unloaded it you can go in and soak in a nice hot bath and sigh
pleasurably at the prospects of more fun in the garden.
Because
tomorrow you can go back out and start all over again in a different part of the
yard!
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